Dear Counsellor:

I have often heard that sexually transmitted infections (STIs), including HIV/AIDS, affect women more than men. Is this true and if it is, why is this so?

Concerned Woman

Dear Concerned Women:

Women's vulnerability to HIV/AIDS and STIs is partly determined by physiological factors.

Researchers estimate that women's risk of HIV infection from unprotected sex is at least twice that of men. Semen, which has high concentrations of virus, remains in the vaginal canal a relatively long time. Women are more exposed through the extensive surface area of mucous membrane in the vagina and on the cervix through which the virus may pass. In men, the equivalent area is smaller.

Young women are at even greater risk than mature women. A teenager's vagina is not as well lined with protective cells as that of a mature woman. Her cervix may be more easily eroded, potentially enhancing risk of HIV infection. In some cases older men seek out younger female partners in the belief that they are least likely to be infected. This is the most risky pattern of sexual partnership, as a group more likely to have HIV already (older men) transmits the virus to a group with low levels of infection (younger girls).

It is important, however, for you to note that all sexually active persons are at risk for STIs, including HIV, the virus that causes AIDS. The only sure way to prevent infection is to abstain or use a condom every time you have sex. Remember, you have a responsibility to protect yourself.

For more information on condom use, HIV/AIDS and other sexually transmitted infections call the AIDS/STD helpline at 967-3830, 967-3764 or toll free 1888-991-4444 or write to AIDS Affairs, c/o the Star, 7 North Street, Kingston.